Types of Chemical Reactions

• Synthesis (composition) Reaction
  A + X ---> AX
  
  • metals with oxygen ---> oxides
    
  • elements with sulfur ---> sulfides
    
  • elements with iron ---> one of two oxides
    
  • nonmetals with oxygen ---> oxides
    
  • metals with halogens
    
  • oxides of active metals with water ---> hydroxides
    
  • nonmetal oxides with water ---> oxyacids
    
  • some metal oxides with nonmetal oxides ---> salts
    
• Decomposition Reactions
  AX ---> A + X
  
  • binary compounds
    
    • electrolysis reactions
      
    • oxides of metals in lower center of periodic table + heat
      
  • metallic carbonates + heat ---> metal oxide + carbon dioxide gas
    
  • metal hydroxides + heat ---> metal oxide + water
    
  • metal chlorates + heat ---> metal chloride + oxygen
    
  • some acids (oxyacids) ---> nonmetal oxide + water
    
• Single Replacement Reactions (Displacement Reactions)
  A + BX ---> AX + B or Y + BX ---> BY + X
  
  • replacement of a metal in a compound by another metal
    
  • replacement of hydrogen in water by an active metal ---> H₂ + metallic hydroxide
    
  • replacement of hydrogen in an acid by a metal ---> H₂ + salt
    
  • replacement of one halogen in a compound by another halogen
    
• Double Replacement Reactions
  AX + BY ---> AY + BX
  
  • formation of a precipitate
    
  • formation of a gas
    
  • formation of water
    
• Combusition Reactions
  
  • any substance + oxygen
    
  • hydrocarbon + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water