1. Using Scientific Measurements
    1. The density of copper is listed as 8.94 g/cm3. Wo students each make three density determinations of samples of the substances. student A's results are 7.3 g/mL, 9.4 g/mL, and 8.3 g/mL. Student B's results are 8.4 g/cm3, 8.8 g/cm3, and 8.0 g/cm3. compare the two sets of results in terms of precision and accuracy.
    2. How many significant figures are there in each of the following measured values and circle each significant figure in each measurement:
      a) 6.002 cm
      b) 0.0020 m
      c) 10.0500 g
      d) 7000 kg
      e) 7000. kg
    3. Round 2.6765 to two significant figures.
    4. Carry out the following calculations using the rules of significant figures:
      a) 52.13 g + 1.7502 g
      b) 12 m x 6.41 m
      c) 16.25 g / 5.1442 mL
    5. Perform the following operations. Express each answer in scientific notation.
      a) (1.54 x 10-2 g) + (2.86 x 10-1 g)
      b) (7.023 x 109 g) - (6.62 x 107 g)
      c) (8.99 x 10-4 m) x (3.57 x 104 m)
      d) (2.17 x 10-3 g) / (5.022 x 104 mL)
    6. Write the following numbers in scientific notation:
      a) 560 000
      b) 33 400
      c) 0.000 4120
    7. A student measures the mass of a beaker filled with corn oil. The mass reading averages 215.6 g. the mass of the beaker is 110.4 g. Show given information, all work and your answer boxed.
      a) What is the mass of the corn oil?
      b) What is the density of the corn oil if its volume is 114 cm3?
    8. Calculate the mass of a sample of gold that occupies 5.0 x 10-3 cm3. The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3. Show given information, all work and your answer boxed.
    9. a) What is the difference between a graph representing data that are directly proportional and a graph of data that are inversely proportional?
      b) Sketch each graph on a set of axes.
    10. Contrast accuracy and precision.
    11. a) Write the equation that is used to calculate percent error.
      b) Under what condtion will percent error be negative?
    12. What is meant by a mass measurement expressed in this form: 4.6 g +/- 0.2 g?
    13. Round each of the following measurements to the number of significant figures ndicated:
      a) 67.029 g to three significant figures
      b) 0.15 L to one significant figure
      c) 52.800 5 mg to five significant figures
      d) 3.174 97 mol to three significant figures
    14. State the rules governing the number of significant figures that result from each of the following operations:
      a) addition and subtraction
      b) multiplication and division
    15. What is the general form for writing numbers in scientific notation.
    16. a) State the general equation for quantities that are directly proportional.
      b) For two directly proportional quantities, what happens to one variable when the other increases?
    17. a) State the general equation for quantities that are inversely proportional.
      b) For two inversely proportional quantities, what happens to one variable when the other increases?
    18. What is the volume, in cubic meters, of a rectangular solid that is 0.25 m long, 6.1 m wide, and 4.9 m high?
    19. A student measures the mass of a sample as 9.67 g. Calculate the percent error, given that the correct mass is 9.82 g. Show given information, formula, plug into formula, unit cancellation and answer boxed.
    20. A hansbook gives the density of calcium as 1.54 g/cm3. What is the percent error of a density calculation of 1.25 g/cm3 based on lab measurements? Show given information, formula, plug into formula, unit cancellation and answer boxed.
    21. The following numbers are in scientific notation. Write them in ordinary notation.
      a) 7.050 x 10-3 g
      b) 4.000 05 x 107 mg
      c) 2.350 0 x 104 mL
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